ABSTRACT In this study, the objective was to determine the post-harvest indexes of arugula leaves and beet roots in intercropping under a biomass mixture of different green manures at diverse arugula population densities in two cropping seasons in a semi-arid environment. The experimental design was a randomised complete block design, with treatments arranged in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with four replications. Treatments consisted of the combination of equitable amounts of Merremia aegyptia and Calotropis procera biomass (20, 35, 50 and 65 t ha-1 on a dry basis) and arugula population densities (400,000, 600,000, 800,000 and 1,000,000 plants ha-1). The characteristics evaluated in the arugula culture were titratable acidity, pH, and soluble solid and total soluble sugar content. In the beet crop, the same characteristics were evaluated in arugula, in addition to the betalain concentration and the internal colour parameters of the tuberose roots. Arugula showed the best post-harvest indexes when fertilised with green manure biomass amounts of 20, 20 and 65 t ha-1 at a population density of 1,000,000 plants ha-1, while beet showed the best indices with green manure amounts of 65, 41, 36 and 40 t ha-1 with an arugula density of 1,000,000 plants ha-1. The best colour parameters of beet roots were obtained with green manure amounts of 30 and 32 t ha-1 at an arugula density of 400,000 plants ha-1.

ABSTRACT The postharvest quality and coloration of radish roots can be compromised by factors such as the type of cropping system and fertilization management. Therefore, the objective of this work was to estimate the postharvest quality indices and color parameters of radish roots in monocropping, as a function of different roostertree (Calotropis procera) biomass amounts, in two cropping seasons in a semi-arid environment. The experimental design used was randomized complete blocks with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of different roostertree biomass amounts: 16, 29, 42, 55 and 68 t ha-1 on a dry basis, incorporated into the soil. In each block, two additional treatments were added, one without fertilization (control) and the other with mineral fertilizer, for comparison purposes with the maximum efficiency treatment. The radish cultivar planted was Crimson Gigante. The radish characteristics evaluated were: pH, soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, total soluble sugar content (TSS), vitamin C (CV) and anthocyanin (A) contents, and roots color parameters (L*, C* and h°). The maximum flavor efficiency (SS/TA) and the total soluble sugar content (TSS) were achieved with the incorporation into the soil of 47.24 and 25.27 t ha-1 roostertree biomass, respectively. Higher concentrations of bioactive compounds (CV and A) were obtained when incorporating 35.79 and 45.85 t ha-1 green manure biomass. The color parameters values (L*, C* and h°) in the red radish roots were achieved in the biomass amounts of 40.39, 53.14 and 52.71 t ha-1 of roostertree.

RESUMO A qualidade pós-colheita e a coloração das raízes do rabanete podem ser comprometidas por fatores como o tipo de sistema de cultivo e manejo da adubação. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar os índices de qualidade pós-colheita e os parâmetros de cor de raízes de rabanete em monocultivo, em função de diferentes quantidades de biomassa de flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera), em duas estações de cultivo em ambiente semiárido. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes quantidades de biomassa de flor-de-seda: 16, 29, 42, 55 e 68 t ha-1 em base seca, incorporadas ao solo. Em cada bloco foram adicionados dois tratamentos adicionais, um sem adubação (controle) e outro com adubação mineral, para fins de comparação com o tratamento de máxima eficiência. A cultivar de rabanete plantada foi a ‘Crimson Gigante’. As características do rabanete avaliadas foram: pH, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, teor de açúcares solúveis totais (AST), teores de vitamina C (VC) e antocianina (A) e os parâmetros de cor das raízes (L*, C* e h°). A máxima eficiência de sabor (SS/AT) e o teor de açúcares solúveis totais (AST) foram obtidos com a incorporação ao solo de 47,24 e 25,27 t ha-1 de biomassa de flor-de-seda, respectivamente. Maiores concentrações de compostos bioativos (VC e A) foram obtidas ao incorporar 35,79 e 45,85 t ha-1 de biomassa do adubo verde. Os valores dos parâmetros de cor (L*, C* e h°) nas raízes do rabanete vermelho foram alcançados nas quantidades de biomassa de 40,39, 53,14 e 52,71 t ha-1 de flor-de-seda.